Method of making jars



' Feb. 28, 1928.

. a. A. SPANG IETHOD OF MAKING JARS Filed Aug. 12. 1921 FIB.2-

FIEL' FIB.7-

)zv VEl VTdR Patented F eb. 28, 1928.

UNITED" STATES 1,660,850 PATENT OFFICE...

GEORGE A. SPANG 0F BUTLER, PENNSYLVANIA-5 ASSIGNOR T0 SPENG AND OOI'- PANY, OF BUTLER, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD or MAKING mas.

Application filed August 12, 1921. Serial; No. 491,848.

This invention relates to a new and improved method of manufacturing ]2LI'S.

An object of the invention is to: roduce.

jars which are strqngerand. less llable to break while in operation than those now 1n use and known to me;

A further object is to produce jars inwhi'ch each co-operating member forming a" ings accompanying and forming a part hereof. I

Fig. 1 illustrates an initial step in the operation of forming jars by means of a forging process herein described. Figs. 2, 3 and tillustrate successive steps in the process, and Fig. 5 illustrates the finished jars. Fig; 6 is a sectional viewalong the line 1515 of Fig. 3 and Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional views on theline 7 7 of Fig; 1 taken at different steps in the operation of the method herein described.

During the last decade steel has been greatly improved, primarily because of the discovery that certain steel alloys have greater strength and durability than steel free of the alloying metal. Most of the mechanical arts have profited by this (113 covery, but, heretofore, it has beenimpos sible to employ steel alloys, having the as sirable characteristics of stren th and durability, in the manufacture 0 jars, due to the fact that it is impossible to obtain a satisfactory weld with such steel alloysand due also to the fact that thepeculiar' construction of jars has heretofore rendered it. impossible to manufacture jars without welding or without providing some kindiof a joint in at least one of the interlinked.

members. p y

A primary object of my invention is the production of a: method ofmanufacturing jarsin which steel alloys having the deslr able characteristics may be employed;

My invention consists essentially in so membe forming the interlinkin members" of :11 set of jars that both mem ers are completed without the necessity of providing them with, a welded or any other kind of joint.

As will be more fully. described, this 18: ac-

complished by forming. the two interlinked members so that each member is formed and completedinterlinked with its co-operating.

r. Y In-the process herein described the interlinked members are so formed that the striking heads are integrally connected by the metalof. the intermediate portion of the bar. Prior to the final steps of the; method em ployed in completing the. jars, this intermediate or connecting metal is severed in such a way as to free the interlinked members without disengaging them from their interlinked association. In Figs. 1 and 2, I have illustrated. two steps in the process of forming the jars. An initial step consists in shaping thebarso that its external sur face approximates the contour of the tin ished jars.

The metal bar is then forged in such a wayas to form a slot 16, as-shownin Fig ure 1. They forging operation in forming: this slotrou hs out the reins 17 of oneinterlinked mem r and the fishtail 18 of the other interlinked-member. It will, of course be understood that the'actualrforging operation leaves a flash in the slot 16 which must laterbe removed. The bar is thenturned end for end a quarter turn about its longitudinal axis for the purpose of completing the preliminary step of forming the reins and fishtails of the two interlinked members,

by forgin 1a slotv 16 as shown in Fig. 2 and ing the second forging operation. In other words, more than half the interlinked elements are formed" by the first forging operation so that the secondforging operation overlaps that ofthe first.

Itlw'ill beapparentthattwo distinct sets of dies may be employed in the forging operation and that by properly designing the dies and by properly locating the metal bar in the dies, both ends of the bar may be simultaneously forged for the purpose of partially completingboth interlinked members. This could be accomplished by so forming each die that the plane of cleavage between the two dies is so located with relation to the jars to be formed that it is extended at an angle to the planes defined by the lateral surface of each pair of reins. The method herein described is, however, simpler because the dies are simpler and the forging operation can be accomplished with a m nimum flow of metal.

The flash or thin web of metal between the reins and-fishtails, formed by this forging operation, is then removed by shipping, or in any'other desired manner. It will be apparent that the slot 16 extends from the intermediate portion 20 in a direction opposite to that of the slot 16. As above mentioned, the forming of the slot 16 roughs out the fishtail 17*, forming an integral part of the reins 17 and it also roughs out the reins 18 forming an integral part of the fishtail 18. This slot forming operation roughs out the crutch 21 of each interlinked member by reason of the fact that each pair of reins merges into one of the squares 22 of the jars and the formation of the reins necessarily forms the crutch. Another feature of the slotting operation is that the slots extend'in both directions from a point intermediate the ends of the bars. In Fig. 7 I have illus trated, in cross section, the unslotted portion of the bar. It will be apparent that the proximity of the adjacent ends of the slots 16 and 16 will determine, to'some extent, the throw or stroke of the jars, although this may also be controlled by varying the distance between the end of each fishtail and its cooperating crutch at the time of milling the slots in the bar. After the slots are milled the intermediate metal is then brokenfor thepurpose of freeing the interlinked members.

"In Fig. 8 I have shown one way of pre: paring the bar for breaking or severing this metal. It consists essentially in reducing the sectional area of the metal connecting the two interlinked members by drilling holes 23 therethrough. As shown, 4' holes are drilled at right angles to each other for the purpose of blocking out the intermediate portion of metal. Diagonal holes are then drilled for the purpose of weakening the blocked out section. Any means may be employed for breaking or severing the metal at the weakened section and for thereby freeing the-interlinked elements from each other. It will be apparent that the blocking out of the subsequently weakened section reduces the tendency of the reins .to break or crack when the weakened section is broken since the blocking out process relieves the reins of the strain and prevents the fracture extending into the reins or fish-tails. It will be apparent that the interlinked lapping elethe adjacent ends of the two slots and by then drilling two sets of weakening holes through this unslotted intermediate portion, one set being located adjacent the end of the. slot 16 and the other set adjacent the end of the slot 16. Under such conditions, the operation of severing the interlinked members frees. a block of metal, the permissable size of which is determined by the clearance between the reins of the two interlinked members, since it is necessary to remove this block before the jars are finally completed.

The partially formed members are then turned at an angle to each other or to the position shown in Fig. 3 and the reins of each member are partially compressed so that they may be introduced into co-operating dies, such as illustrated in Fig. 4. Each member is then forged for the purpose of producing the reins, fishtails, crutches and rein courses, and this forging operation reduces the section of the fishtail to substantially that illustrated in Fig. 6, in which the rein courses 25 are clearly illustrated.

After each element is so formed they are turned to the positions illustrated in Fig. 5, that is, to a position in which the longitudinal axes of both interlinked members are co-incident and the final operation of forming the reins and fishtails is performed by pressing the reins of each interlinked element to the positions illustrated in Fig. 5. During this operation, the previously formed fishtails and crutches are, of course, deformed and the previous finishing operation must be performed in such a way as to compensate forthe deformation occasioned by the final pressing operation. It will be apparent that the forging of the boxes and pins, 1 as well as the squares, may be done at any, convenient time and that the boxes and pins may be threaded at any convenient time during the process of manufacturing the jars. It will also be apparent that jars so manufactured may be heat treated and tempered in the usual manner or in the manner best suited to the metal employed in their manufacture. c r

Various changes, additions, modifications and omissions may be made in the process herein described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth by the appended claims. I

I claim 1. A process of manufacturing 'ars, which consists in forming the interloc ing members in interlinked position, turning the interlinked members so that their longitudinal axis are at an angle, separtely shaping the striking heads of the interlinked members while the members are so turned, then turning the members so that their longitudinal axes are aligned and finally shaping the reins of each member so that they co-operate with the reins of the other member in guiding the relative motion of the interlinked members. a

2. A method of manufacturing jars which consists in forming the interlocking mem bers in interlinked osition and connected together, severing t e connection between the members so that they are retained interlinked, moving the interlinked members out of alignment with each other, then in separately shapin the striking heads of each member and finally shaping the reins of each member while the members are aligned so that they co-operate with the other member and maintain the members in substantial axial alignment during relative motion.

3. A process of manufacturing jars, which consists in forming the interlocking members in interlinked position, turning the interlinked members so formed out of alignment, .separately shaping the strikin heads and rein courses of each member w ile the members are turned out of alignment, placing the members in alignment, and finally shaping the reins of each member so that they form a guide for the other member.

4. A method of manufacturing jars, which consists in forging one end of a metal bar to form a portion of each of the interlockin links, then completing the formation of hot links by forging the other end of the'bar so that the two forging operations overlap at the central portion of the bar, so severing the interlocking members so formed kthat they are retained interlinked, turning the interlinked members out of alignment, separately shaping the fish tails of each member by a for ing operation while the members are turne out of alignment, and in members of a drilling jar finally shaping both members while in alignment.

5. A method of forming the interlinked members of drilling jars, which consists in for ing one end of a metal bar to partially orm both members, for ing the opposite end to completely form 0th members in interlinked position, separating the members so formed while maintaining them in interlinked position, turning the members so formed out of alignment and then separatel forging each member while it is out of all nment and interlinked with the other.

6. g method of forming the interlinked rom a single bar of metal, which COIlSlStSlIl forging the bar to artially form the reins and striking hea s of both members, severing the metal connecting the members While maintaining them in interlinked position, moving the interlinked members so formed out of alignment, and separately forging the fish tail and rein courses of each member while out.

of alignment and interlinked with the other, then moving the interlinked members back into alignment and pressing the reins of each member into co-operative relation with the rein courses of the other member.

7; A method of formin the interlinked members of a drilling jar from a sin le bar of metal, which consists in forgin tie bar ment and interlinked with the other member,

moving the interlinked members into alignment and pressing the spread reins of each member into co-operative relation with the rein courses of the other member.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 8th day of August, 1921. a

' GEORGE A. SPANG. 

